{"id":138,"date":"2010-01-18T16:31:44","date_gmt":"2010-01-18T21:31:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/organicchemistry.wordpress.com\/?p=138"},"modified":"2010-01-18T16:31:44","modified_gmt":"2010-01-18T21:31:44","slug":"organic-chemistry-there-are-only-four-important-ir-peaks-thats-it","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aceorganicchem.com\/blog\/organic-chemistry-there-are-only-four-important-ir-peaks-thats-it\/","title":{"rendered":"Organic Chemistry: There are only FOUR important IR peaks&#8230;.that&#8217;s IT"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Amazingly enough, IR\u00a0is not used much by professional organic chemists.\u00a0 This is because all IR can show is different functional groups.\u00a0 Thus, IR cannot tell the difference between any of the molecules shown below:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/box5250.temp.domains\/~aceorgan\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/ir1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-140  aligncenter\" title=\"IR\" src=\"http:\/\/box5250.temp.domains\/~aceorgan\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/ir1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"473\" height=\"123\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>All of the molecules above will show an OH peak and various C-H stretches, but each spectra will look striking similar.\u00a0 Hence, we should recognize the limits of the instrument and not try to use it for more than it is intended.\u00a0 Further, there are really only four peaks in an IR\u00a0that we look for to tell us something about our unknown molecule.\u00a0 Here, we show them in order of importance.<\/p>\n<p>1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Carbonyl peak (1750-1650cm<sup>-1<\/sup>):\u00a0 This will be a very sharp, prominent peak and shows that a carbonyl is present in somewhere in your unknown molecule.\u00a0 What is less obvious is which type of carbonyl it is.\u00a0 It is not as easy to distinguish between ketones, esters, aldehydes, ect.<\/p>\n<p>2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 OH peak (3500-3200cm<sup>-1<\/sup>): This is a large, broad stretch which cannot be mistaken for any other functionality.\u00a0 One problem to be aware of is that the OH of water will also show up here, in the event that your unknown is not totally dry.\u00a0 Remember, that this can be from an alcohol OH or a carboxylic acid OH.<\/p>\n<p>3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C-O peak (1300-1040cm<sup>-1<\/sup>): Usually a large, sharp peak, this can be from an alcohol, carboxylic acid, ether, or an ester.<\/p>\n<p>4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Nitriles (2250-2230cm<sup>-1<\/sup>) and\u00a0alkynes (2100-2280cm<sup>-1<\/sup>) peaks: Usually rather small peaks, but easy to spot as they are the only peaks in that area.<\/p>\n<p>For more help with this and other organic chemistry topics, please go to <a title=\"organic chemistry\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aceorganicchem.com\" target=\"_blank\">organic chemistry<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Amazingly enough, IR\u00a0is not used much by professional organic chemists.\u00a0 This is because all IR can show is different functional groups.\u00a0 Thus, IR cannot tell the difference between any of the molecules shown below: All of the molecules above will show an OH peak and various C-H stretches, but each spectra will look striking similar.\u00a0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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